PM2.5中金属元素污染特征研究——以介休市为例The Pollution Characteristics of Metal Elements in PM2.5:A Case Study in Jiexiu County
韩彦君,田晓,崔阳,郭利利,何秋生,王新明
摘要(Abstract):
为更好地了解介休市城区PM_(2.5)中金属元素的污染特征和来源,本研究在2020年1月至12月期间利用AMMS-100大气重金属在线分析仪对PM_(2.5)中金属元素浓度开展逐时观测,以研究PM_(2.5)中14种金属元素的变化特征。采样期间14种金属元素的浓度范围从小于10 ng/m~3到5 000 ng/m~3,金属元素浓度均值的排名顺序:Al(2 519.78 ng/m~3)>Si(1 596.59 ng/m~3)>Fe(710.78 ng/m~3)>K(705.47 ng/m~3)>Ca(561.81 ng/m~3)>Zn(200.21 ng/m~3)>Pb(120.57 ng/m~3)>Mn(45.93 ng/m~3)>Cu(45.65 ng/m~3)>Ba(40.28 ng/m~3)>As(15.79 ng/m~3)>Se(10.47 ng/m~3)>Ni(5.47 ng/m~3)>Cr(4.96 ng/m~3).金属元素表现明显的季节变化,Fe、Ca表现为春季浓度最高,Cu表现为夏季浓度最高,Cr和Ba表现为秋季浓度最高,其余金属元素表现为冬季浓度最高。排放源和气象参数的变化共同导致了大多数金属元素浓度明显的日变化,表现为白天高晚上低的变化特征。正定矩阵因子分解模型识别出地壳扬尘、工业与生物质燃烧源、燃料燃烧和机动车辆排放是介休市金属元素的主要来源。本研究结果可为类似城市金属元素的防治提供提供科学参考。
关键词(KeyWords): PM_(2.5);金属元素;在线监测;来源解析;日变化
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(42077201);; 国家生态环境部攻关项目(DQGG202107);; 太原科技大学博士启动基金(20202072)
作者(Author): 韩彦君,田晓,崔阳,郭利利,何秋生,王新明
参考文献(References):
- [1] 谢华林,张萍,贺惠,等.大气颗粒物中重金属元素在不同粒径上的形态分布 [J].环境工程,2002,20(6):55-57.
- [2] PACYNA J M,PACYN E G,AAS W.Changes of emissions and atmospheric deposition of mercury,lead,and cadmium [J].Atmospheric Environment,2009,43(1):117-127.
- [3] 雷建容,云龙,苏翠平,等.深圳城市大气PM2.5中金属元素的在线测量与来源特征 [J].环境科学学报,2019,39(1):82-87.
- [4] 雷文凯,李杏茹,张兰,等.保定地区PM2.5中重金属元素的污染特征及健康风险评价 [J].环境科学,2021,42(1):38-44.
- [5] 宋泉山,宋妍霖.介休市2019年大气污染状况分析及防治措施 [J].山西化工,2020,40(2):145-146+156.
- [6] 叶华俊,姜雪娇,陈侠胜,等.基于X射线荧光分析原理的大气重金属在线分析仪的应用研究[C]//浙江省环境科学学会2014年学术年会论文集,2014.
- [7] NAD??DA,ZíKOVá,YUNGANG,et al.On the source contribution to Beijing PM2.5 concentrations [J].Atmospheric Environment,2016,134:84-95.
- [8] WANG Y,WEN Y P,GUI Y,et al.Substantial changes of chemical composition and sources of fine particles during the period of COVID-19 pandemic in Taiyuan,Northern China[J].Air Quality,Atmosphere & Health,2021:1-12.
- [9] LIU J,CHEN Y,CHAO S,et al.Emission control priority of PM2.5-bound heavy metals in different seasons:A comprehensive analysis from health risk perspective [J].The Science of the Total Environment,2018,644(10):20-30.
- [10] 顾家伟.我国城市大气颗粒物重金属污染研究进展与趋势 [J].地球与环境,2019(3):385-396.
- [11] QUEROL X,ZHUANG X,ALASTUEY A,et al.Speciation and sources of atmospheric aerosols in a highly industrialised emerging mega-city in Central China [J].Journal of Environmental Monitoring Jem,2006,8(10):1049-1059.
- [12] 杨桂实,李彦君,李宏宇,等.2017年冬季柳林县城区颗粒物污染成因分析 [J].太原科技大学学报,2020,41(2):106-110.
- [13] 杨复沫,贺克斌,马永亮,等.北京大气PM2.5中微量元素的浓度变化特征与来源 [J].环境科学,2003,24(6):33-37.
- [14] BALAKRISHNA G,PERVEZ S,BISHT D S.Source apportionment of arsenic in atmospheric dust fall out in an urban residential area,Raipur,Central India [J].Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics,2011,11(11):5141-5151.
- [15] PANCRAS J P,LANDIS M S,NORRIS G A,et al.Source apportionment of ambient fine particulate matter in Dearborn,Michigan,using hourly resolved PM chemical composition data [J].Science of the Total Environment,2013,448(15):2-13.
- [16] UKOWIECKI N,LIENEMANN P,HILL M,et al.Real-World Emission Factors for Antimony and Other Brake Wear Related Trace Elements:Size-Segregated Values for Light and Heavy Duty Vehicles [J].Environmental Science & Technology,2009,43(21):8072-8.
- [17] GALON-NEGRU A G,OLARIU R I,ARSENE C.Size-resolved measurements of PM2.5 water-soluble elements in Iasi,north-eastern Romania:Seasonality,source apportionment and potential implications for human health [J].Science of The Total Environment,2019,695:133839.
- [18] ABDALLAH A,SHALTOUT.Elemental Composition of PM2.5 Aerosol in a Residential-Industrial Area of a Mediterranean Megacity [J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2020,78(1):68-78.